Human Computer Interaction

Human computer interaction is the study of the interaction between user and computers includes planning and design. It is often regarded as the intersection of computer science, behavioral sciences. a computer has many affordances for use and this takes place in an open-ended dialog between the user and the computer. Human computer interaction is also sometimes referred to as man- machine . it help people for computer using such us building interfaces of computer program for programmer.

Human computer interaction studies a human and a machine, it supporting knowledge on both. On the machine side includes techniques in computer graphics, operating systems, programming languages etc. On the human side includes communication theory, industrial design disciplines, social sciences etc.

Human machine interaction is important because the design of human machine interfaces is must be understand with user and poorly designed human machine interfaces can lead to many unexpected problems. The information between the human and computer is defined as the loop of interaction. The loop of interaction includes:

• Task environment: The goal set by the user.
• Machine environment: The environment of computer
• Input: The flow of information that begins in the task environment, when the user has some task that requires using their computer.
• Output: The information that gained from machine process or business process.
• Feedback: is the dialogue of interface that evaluate, confirm processes from the human through the interface to the computer and user. 

Human machine interaction is improving the interactions between users and computers.

• Methodologies for designing interfaces
• Methods for implementing interfaces
• Techniques for evaluating interfaces
• Developing interfaces and interaction techniques

Computer Education

Generally, Computers are used in schools for writing, editing papers, designer or searching the Internet for information and also used almost everyone today. Computer skills is a subject being specifically taught in schools. When a graduate of such a program encounters a competing program they may be confused by the differences from what they learned. This is one reason why major computer firms such as Apple nor Microsoft consider the educational market. 

Graduates of computer education programs based around memorization, we may be heard asking things such as "where must I to click", and may need to pin paper notes for some computing tasks. Many users may need computer skills after years or decades of daily computer use. The primary factor preventing computer users from self-educating like losing data through doing the "wrong click”, poor motivation.

There are many books that cover various aspects of computer training, Computer Tutorials. There are also many websites that provide about computing education, computer tips, tricks Guides. For some teacher, lecturer while teaching their students may search information from the internet such us how to troubleshoot computers, fix security issues, set up networks, and use software.

Cloud Computing In Education

Cloud computing gives easier way for any departments, and gives better flexibility to education IT departments. The applications or platform can be used on-premises or off-premises depending on academic organization’s needs or department’s needs. The advantages of cloud computing that can help us to resolve some of the common challenges us in our department’s problems.

• Cost. Choose the best cost, whichever works best with the organization’s business model.
• Flexibility. Cloud computing allows us to dynamically scale as demands fluctuate and Scale the infrastructure to maximize investments.
• Privacy. Cloud Computing helps the organization’s business to  make data and services publicly available without sensitive information.

“Microsoft cloud services” Choices in the cloud

When we use Microsoft cloud services, we choose deploy on-premises, have the software hosted as a service, or use a combination of the two. We can choose how to best combine:

• Infrastructure as a service. Get on-demand computing and storage to host, scale, and manage applications and services.
• Platform as a service. a service consists of an operating system, fully relational database, and claims access controller providing security-enhanced connectivity that called Windows Azure cloud platform.
• Software as a service. Microsoft hosts online services that provide the faculty, staff  or students with a consistent experience across multiple devices.
• Microsoft Office 365 for Education provides free email, websites, online document editing and storage, and IM and video conferencing.
• Microsoft Dynamics CRM Online provides management solutions deployed through Microsoft Office Outlook or an Internet browser to help your customers efficiently automate workflows and centralize information.
• Office Web Apps provide on-demand access to the web-based version of the Microsoft Office suite of applications, including Office Word, Office Excel, and Office PowerPoint.

Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is a concepts that involve a large number of computers that are connected through a real-time communication network ( in the Internet). In science, cloud computing is a distributed computing over a network and the ability to run a program on many connected computers at the same time. The application service provisioning can run client server software on a remote location in marketing. In another definition, Cloud computing is a technology which provide many different  kind of services such us software to database ,computing infrastructure to bussiness  apps like financial portfolios, etc.

Advantages

Cloud computing using on sharing of resources to achieve communication over a network. Cloud computing is a concept of converged infrastructure and shared services. The cloud also focuses on maximizing the effectiveness of the shared resources. Cloud resources are usually not only shared by multiple users but as well as dynamically re-allocated as per demand. This can work for allocating resources to users in different time zones. The approach of cloud computing should maximize the use of computing powers thus reducing environmental damage such us less power etc.

Cloud computing allows companies to avoid upfront infrastructure costs and focus on projects in their businesses instead of infrastructure. cloud computing also allows enterprises to get their applications up and running faster,  improved manageability and enables IT to more rapidly adjust resources to meet fluctuating and unpredictable business demand.

Superuser (Special User Account)

Superuser is a special user account used for system administration.  The actual name of this account might be: root, administrator or admin, Depending on the operating system (such us Linux, Unix, Windows, OS-X). In operating systems, administrator, superuser account is generally recommended that most application work be done using an ordinary account which does not have the ability to make system-wide changes.

The Superuser or special account user is used for purpose :

• Using account that have all access to operating system.
•  Ability to create, remove system files or modify operating system.
• Ability to set configuration that can be done on default account.
• This user account generally used for advanced user who understand the operating system or developer.

Computer programming

Computer programming is the process to make code of executable programs  or the process  that leads from an original formulation of a computing problem to executable programs. It involves activities such as analysis and generically solving problems resulting in an algorithm correction and its resource implementation of the algorithm in a target programming language, testing, debugging, and maintaining the source code, implementation of the build system. The purpose of programming is making a sequence of instructions that will automate performing a specific task or solve a problem. The programming requires expertise in many different subjects, including knowledge of the application, specialized algorithms, language programming. Source code is written in one or more programming languages such as C++, C#, Java, Python, PHP, Ruby On Real, Dhelpi etc.

The approach to software development may be must have fundamental properties :

Reliability : correction results of a program, its depends of algorithms and minimization of error handling and logic errors.

Robustness : anticipating error programming includes incorrect, inappropriate etc.

Usability : the program is easy  to use, make the user easy to understand, operating the program includes user interfaces etc.

Portability : the range of computer hardware and operating system platforms which the source code or program can be compiled, installed.

Maintainability : the ease which a program can be modified to make improvements or customizations, fix bugs to adapt it to new environments.

Performance : the amount of system resources a program consumes such us processor time, memory space, network bandwidth etc.

E-Learning

E-Learning is the technology that help people to learn anywhere  and anytime. e-Learning help an expert to give training, guidance to other people somewhere and can delivering the information just in time. E-Learning might be solution to stop waste time and save some money than bring together all of the people in your school, organization who want  to learn. E-learning program need the technology to build it, to overcome the limitations of time and distance. 

People might learn in many different ways,  at different times. The solution of these different learning needs, we need e-learning delivery methods and we need to develop and manage e-learning. Generally, in the school, college e-learning built using a website. Students access the web to do their homework, task. Sometimes this method make the student lazy, but the purpose of that e-learning is make student do their task on time, quick the mean is benefiting the technology.

E-learning is a way to facilitate the education with technology. In the world now, everything use the technology include the education. E-learning is essentially the network to transfer of skills and knowledge using the Internet, network computer. E-learning refers to using electronic applications and the applications include Website-based, computer-based and virtual classrooms. The content is delivered through the Internet, audio or video etc.

Development and Management of e-learning 

To make it work we need :

• Administration :who can access data, who can perform functions, who maintenance etc
• Training management: for scheduling and access to virtual classes, assignment of training based requirements
• Employee management :skill assessment, assignment of training based on skills, Performance reviews, Recruiting etc

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What Is A Computer ?

Computer is a device composed of hardware and software. Computer is an electronic device that used to manipulate information or data. Computer has ability to store and process data. The computer can solve more than one kind of problem and it's used to help human work such us typing documents, sending email, surfing the internet, managing or handling spreadsheets, database, presentations, games, etc.

3 important components :

Hardware

Hardware is physical components that make up a computer system. There are many kinds of hardware that can be installed and connected to the computer. Some common computer hardware components in modern computer case:

• CPU 
• Monitor/Screen
• Keyboard
• Mouse
• Hard drive
• Memory etc

Software

Software is machine instructions that directs a CPU (computer's processor) to do specific operations. Software is computer instructions or data. data can be process on software and stored electronically on storage device. Software is divided into two categories.  Systems software and Application Software. System software manage the computer resources includes the operating system and utility programs. Systems software includes compilers, loaders, linkers, and debuggers. Operating system is base software to connect user and hardware. Applications software includes many kind of programs that do work for users and designed for an end user. Such us  word processors,  Accounting program, etc.

Brainware

Brainware is the user who operate, use the computer. Basically, the user must know how to use mouse, keyboard and basic function of computer.